Enhancing End-Use Controls on Arms Transfers

Legally transferred weapons can be diverted in two ways: either they are transferred from the authorized end-user to an unauthorized end user, or they are used in unauthorized or illegal ways by the authorized 
end-user. This Analysis addresses the latter aspect: the end-use control. It highlights the challenges faced by exporting states when assessing the risk of diversion at the licencing stage, both in terms of collecting information and using end-user certificates.